{
    "query": "Key",
    "count": 20,
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    "lookups": [],
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        {
            "kind": "term",
            "label": "Glossary",
            "items": [
                {
                    "kind": "term",
                    "title": "Key",
                    "url": "https://musics.name/glossary/key/",
                    "description": "The tonic and scale that a passage centres on, against which its notes and chords are heard.",
                    "score": 56
                },
                {
                    "kind": "term",
                    "title": "Key signature",
                    "url": "https://musics.name/glossary/key-signature/",
                    "description": "The sharps or flats written after the clef that set which notes are altered throughout a piece unless…",
                    "score": 30
                },
                {
                    "kind": "term",
                    "title": "Parallel key",
                    "url": "https://musics.name/glossary/parallel-key/",
                    "description": "The major or minor key with the same tonic, such as C major and C minor, which differ in key signature and…",
                    "score": 16
                },
                {
                    "kind": "term",
                    "title": "Relative key",
                    "url": "https://musics.name/glossary/relative-key/",
                    "description": "The major or minor key that shares the same key signature, with its tonic a minor third above or below.",
                    "score": 16
                },
                {
                    "kind": "term",
                    "title": "Borrowed chord",
                    "url": "https://musics.name/glossary/borrowed-chord/",
                    "description": "A chord taken from the parallel major or minor key, such as iv or ♭VI in a major key, which adds colour…",
                    "score": 5
                },
                {
                    "kind": "term",
                    "title": "Major scale",
                    "url": "https://musics.name/glossary/major-scale/",
                    "description": "A seven-note scale with the pattern whole, whole, half, whole, whole, whole, half, which is the basis of…",
                    "score": 5
                },
                {
                    "kind": "term",
                    "title": "Minor scale",
                    "url": "https://musics.name/glossary/minor-scale/",
                    "description": "A family of seven-note scales with a minor third above the tonic, existing in natural, harmonic and melodic…",
                    "score": 5
                },
                {
                    "kind": "term",
                    "title": "Modulation",
                    "url": "https://musics.name/glossary/modulation/",
                    "description": "A change of tonal centre in which the music settles into a new key with its own tonic and cadence, often…",
                    "score": 5
                },
                {
                    "kind": "term",
                    "title": "Tonic",
                    "url": "https://musics.name/glossary/tonic/",
                    "description": "The first degree of a scale, the note that a key is named for and that tonal music treats as its home and…",
                    "score": 5
                }
            ]
        },
        {
            "kind": "article",
            "label": "Articles",
            "items": [
                {
                    "kind": "article",
                    "title": "Relative and Parallel Keys Explained: Major and Minor Partners",
                    "url": "https://musics.name/articles/relative-and-parallel-keys/",
                    "description": "A major key has two minor partners that are easy to confuse. The relative minor uses the same key signature and starts a minor third below the major tonic: A minor for C major. The parallel minor starts on the same tonic…",
                    "score": 54
                },
                {
                    "kind": "article",
                    "title": "Circle of Fifths Explained: Keys, Signatures, Changes",
                    "url": "https://musics.name/articles/circle-of-fifths-explained/",
                    "description": "Every key signature looks arbitrary until you see the pattern behind it. The circle of fifths is that pattern: one diagram that orders all twelve major keys so that each step changes exactly one note, and shows at a glan…",
                    "score": 54
                },
                {
                    "kind": "article",
                    "title": "Meantone and Well Temperament: Why Keys Used to Sound Different",
                    "url": "https://musics.name/articles/meantone-and-well-temperament/",
                    "description": "A modern keyboard hides its compromise. Every key is equally in tune, which also means every key is equally out of tune, and a major third in C major is exactly the same size as a major third in F sharp major. Before the…",
                    "score": 54
                },
                {
                    "kind": "article",
                    "title": "Modulation: How a Key Change Is Confirmed",
                    "url": "https://musics.name/articles/modulation-strategies/",
                    "description": "…n G major and began in C major has modulated. The change of key is not a single event on one beat but a process spread over several, and the process has a rule: a key exists when its tonic has been confirmed by a cadence…",
                    "score": 54
                },
                {
                    "kind": "article",
                    "title": "Key Signatures and the Order of Sharps and Flats",
                    "url": "https://musics.name/articles/key-signatures-order-of-sharps-and-flats/",
                    "description": "The accidentals in a key signature never appear in an arbitrary order. Sharps are added one at a time as F, C, G, D, A, E, B. Flats are added as B, E, A, D, G, C, F. Both lists are the circle of fifths spelled out, and t…",
                    "score": 49
                },
                {
                    "kind": "article",
                    "title": "Capo and Transposition: How a Capo Changes the Key",
                    "url": "https://musics.name/articles/capo-and-transposition/",
                    "description": "A capo is a clamp across the neck that acts as a movable nut. Placed at fret n, it raises every string by n semitones, so the shape you finger sounds n semitones higher than its name. A G-shape chord…",
                    "score": 48
                },
                {
                    "kind": "article",
                    "title": "Diatonic Chords in Major and Minor Keys Explained",
                    "url": "https://musics.name/articles/diatonic-chords-in-major-and-minor/",
                    "description": "The diatonic chords of a key are the triads built on each scale degree, using only the notes of that key’s scale. In C major they are C, Dm, Em, F, G, Am and B°. The natural minor scale gives a different set, Am, B°, C,…",
                    "score": 48
                },
                {
                    "kind": "article",
                    "title": "The Rise of Functional Tonality: From Modes to Keys",
                    "url": "https://musics.name/articles/rise-of-functional-tonality/",
                    "description": "A motet by Palestrina and a trio sonata by Corelli are separated by about a century, and the difference between them is not a matter of ornament. In the motet, harmony is what happens while four or…",
                    "score": 48
                },
                {
                    "kind": "article",
                    "title": "The Major Scale Formula: Whole and Half Steps Explained",
                    "url": "https://musics.name/articles/major-scale-formula/",
                    "description": "The major scale is a fixed sequence of steps: whole, whole, half, whole, whole, whole, half. A whole step is two semitones and a half step is one. Start the pattern on any note and you have a major…",
                    "score": 37
                },
                {
                    "kind": "article",
                    "title": "Common Chord Progressions: Loops, Numerals and Why They Work",
                    "url": "https://musics.name/articles/common-chord-progressions/",
                    "description": "A common chord progression is a short loop of chords, usually four, that repeats under a melody. Many of the most reused loops share three features. Their roots move by fourths and fifths at least…",
                    "score": 36
                },
                {
                    "kind": "article",
                    "title": "How to Read Sheet Music: Staves, Clefs and Note Names",
                    "url": "https://musics.name/articles/how-to-read-sheet-music/",
                    "description": "Sheet music is a grid of pitch against time. Pitch rises up the page from low to high, time runs from left to right, and the notes sit on a staff of five horizontal lines with four spaces between…",
                    "score": 36
                },
                {
                    "kind": "article",
                    "title": "How to Transcribe Music by Ear: A Step-by-Step Procedure",
                    "url": "https://musics.name/articles/how-to-transcribe-music-by-ear/",
                    "description": "Transcribe in layers, in the order the harmony needs them: key, bass, chord roots, chord qualities, melody, and rhythm last. Check each layer on an instrument before you start the next. Write the chords as Roman numerals…",
                    "score": 36
                },
                {
                    "kind": "article",
                    "title": "Scale Degrees Explained: Numbers, Names and Solfège",
                    "url": "https://musics.name/articles/scale-degrees-and-solfege/",
                    "description": "…nted up from the tonic. The tonic is degree 1, the note the key is named for, and the fifth note of the major scale is degree 5, the dominant, whatever key you are in. Solfège attaches syllables to those positions……",
                    "score": 36
                },
                {
                    "kind": "article",
                    "title": "The ii V I Progression in Major, Minor and Jazz Styles",
                    "url": "https://musics.name/articles/ii-v-i-progression/",
                    "description": "One progression underlies more music than any other. The ii V I carries the full logic of tonal motion, predominant to dominant to tonic, in three chords, and it appears in Baroque arias, Mozart…",
                    "score": 36
                },
                {
                    "kind": "article",
                    "title": "The Neapolitan Sixth Chord: Sound, Spelling, Resolution",
                    "url": "https://musics.name/articles/neapolitan-sixth-chord/",
                    "description": "…red note in the bass, a major triad glowing against a minor key, and the phrase turns toward a cadence of unusual gravity. It is the most audible chromatic predominant in the tonal……",
                    "score": 36
                },
                {
                    "kind": "article",
                    "title": "Rondo Form: How Refrains and Episodes Structure a Movement",
                    "url": "https://musics.name/articles/rondo-form/",
                    "description": "Long finales can feel like one bright passage after another with no landmarks. Rondo form fixes that listening problem by returning to a familiar refrain between contrasting episodes, so the shape of…",
                    "score": 36
                },
                {
                    "kind": "article",
                    "title": "Figured Bass: Reading Intervals Above the Bass Line",
                    "url": "https://musics.name/articles/figured-bass/",
                    "description": "A figured bass is a bass line with numerals underneath it, and the numerals are not chord symbols. Each one names an interval above the note it sits under, counted from that note. The player supplies…",
                    "score": 36
                },
                {
                    "kind": "article",
                    "title": "Romantic Chromaticism and the Expanding Tonic",
                    "url": "https://musics.name/articles/romantic-chromaticism/",
                    "description": "…art. A chromatic passage is not a passage that has left its key. It is a passage that has widened the key until it includes notes and chords the older vocabulary……",
                    "score": 36
                },
                {
                    "kind": "article",
                    "title": "Sonata Form: The Tonal Plot",
                    "url": "https://musics.name/articles/sonata-form/",
                    "description": "Ask someone to explain sonata form and you will get a diagram: exposition, development, recapitulation, with an optional introduction and coda, and a list of themes labelled first and second. The…",
                    "score": 36
                },
                {
                    "kind": "article",
                    "title": "Barre Chords Explained: The E Shape and the A Shape",
                    "url": "https://musics.name/articles/barre-chords-e-shape-a-shape/",
                    "description": "A barre chord is an open chord played higher on the neck, with one finger lying across several strings to take the place of the nut. The E shape and the A shape are the two to learn first, because…",
                    "score": 31
                }
            ]
        },
        {
            "kind": "page",
            "label": "Pages",
            "items": [
                {
                    "kind": "page",
                    "title": "Key guides",
                    "url": "https://musics.name/keys/",
                    "description": "Scale, signature and chords for all 24 keys.",
                    "score": 30
                }
            ]
        },
        {
            "kind": "key",
            "label": "Key guides",
            "items": [
                {
                    "kind": "key",
                    "title": "A major key",
                    "url": "https://musics.name/keys/a-major/",
                    "description": "Three sharps · relative F♯ minor",
                    "score": 16
                },
                {
                    "kind": "key",
                    "title": "A minor key",
                    "url": "https://musics.name/keys/a-minor/",
                    "description": "No sharps or flats · relative C major",
                    "score": 16
                },
                {
                    "kind": "key",
                    "title": "A♭ major key",
                    "url": "https://musics.name/keys/a-flat-major/",
                    "description": "Four flats · relative F minor",
                    "score": 16
                },
                {
                    "kind": "key",
                    "title": "B major key",
                    "url": "https://musics.name/keys/b-major/",
                    "description": "Five sharps · relative G♯ minor",
                    "score": 16
                },
                {
                    "kind": "key",
                    "title": "B minor key",
                    "url": "https://musics.name/keys/b-minor/",
                    "description": "Two sharps · relative D major",
                    "score": 16
                },
                {
                    "kind": "key",
                    "title": "B♭ major key",
                    "url": "https://musics.name/keys/b-flat-major/",
                    "description": "Two flats · relative G minor",
                    "score": 16
                },
                {
                    "kind": "key",
                    "title": "B♭ minor key",
                    "url": "https://musics.name/keys/b-flat-minor/",
                    "description": "Five flats · relative D♭ major",
                    "score": 16
                },
                {
                    "kind": "key",
                    "title": "C major key",
                    "url": "https://musics.name/keys/c-major/",
                    "description": "No sharps or flats · relative A minor",
                    "score": 16
                },
                {
                    "kind": "key",
                    "title": "C minor key",
                    "url": "https://musics.name/keys/c-minor/",
                    "description": "Three flats · relative E♭ major",
                    "score": 16
                },
                {
                    "kind": "key",
                    "title": "C♯ minor key",
                    "url": "https://musics.name/keys/c-sharp-minor/",
                    "description": "Four sharps · relative E major",
                    "score": 16
                }
            ]
        }
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        {
            "slug": "relative-and-parallel-keys",
            "title": "Relative and Parallel Keys Explained: Major and Minor Partners",
            "dek": "A major key has two close minor partners. The relative minor shares its key signature, the parallel minor shares its tonic, and each pair connects keys in a different way.",
            "topic": "fundamentals",
            "topic_name": "Fundamentals",
            "tags": [
                "relative key",
                "parallel key",
                "minor key",
                "key signature"
            ],
            "level": "intro",
            "date": "2026-10-11",
            "updated": null,
            "words": 1390,
            "reading_time_minutes": 7,
            "url": "https://musics.name/articles/relative-and-parallel-keys/",
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            "json_url": "https://musics.name/api/article.json?slug=relative-and-parallel-keys",
            "excerpt": "A major key has two minor partners that are easy to confuse. The relative minor uses the same key signature and starts a minor third below the major tonic: A minor for C major. The parallel minor starts on the same tonic and changes the mode: C minor for C…",
            "score": 54,
            "partial": false,
            "snippet": "A major key has two minor partners that are easy to confuse. The relative minor uses the same key signature and starts a minor third below the major tonic: A minor for C major. The parallel minor starts on the same tonic…"
        },
        {
            "slug": "circle-of-fifths-explained",
            "title": "Circle of Fifths Explained: Keys, Signatures, Changes",
            "dek": "The circle of fifths organizes every key by signature and closeness. How to read it, memorize it, and use it for modulation and chord choice.",
            "topic": "fundamentals",
            "topic_name": "Fundamentals",
            "tags": [
                "circle of fifths",
                "key signatures",
                "modulation"
            ],
            "level": "intro",
            "date": "2026-10-04",
            "updated": null,
            "words": 1176,
            "reading_time_minutes": 6,
            "url": "https://musics.name/articles/circle-of-fifths-explained/",
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            "json_url": "https://musics.name/api/article.json?slug=circle-of-fifths-explained",
            "excerpt": "Every key signature looks arbitrary until you see the pattern behind it. The circle of fifths is that pattern: one diagram that orders all twelve major keys so that each step changes exactly one note, and shows at a glance which keys are close neighbors and…",
            "score": 54,
            "partial": false,
            "snippet": "Every key signature looks arbitrary until you see the pattern behind it. The circle of fifths is that pattern: one diagram that orders all twelve major keys so that each step changes exactly one note, and shows at a glan…"
        },
        {
            "slug": "meantone-and-well-temperament",
            "title": "Meantone and Well Temperament: Why Keys Used to Sound Different",
            "dek": "Quarter-comma meantone, the wolf fifth and the well temperaments in between: what keyboard tuning did to each key before equal temperament settled the argument.",
            "topic": "tuning",
            "topic_name": "Tuning & Temperament",
            "tags": [
                "temperament",
                "tuning",
                "keyboard"
            ],
            "level": "advanced",
            "date": "2026-09-25",
            "updated": "2026-10-11",
            "words": 1749,
            "reading_time_minutes": 9,
            "url": "https://musics.name/articles/meantone-and-well-temperament/",
            "markdown_url": "https://musics.name/articles/meantone-and-well-temperament.md",
            "json_url": "https://musics.name/api/article.json?slug=meantone-and-well-temperament",
            "excerpt": "A modern keyboard hides its compromise. Every key is equally in tune, which also means every key is equally out of tune, and a major third in C major is exactly the same size as a major third in F sharp major. Before the nineteenth century the compromise was…",
            "score": 54,
            "partial": false,
            "snippet": "A modern keyboard hides its compromise. Every key is equally in tune, which also means every key is equally out of tune, and a major third in C major is exactly the same size as a major third in F sharp major. Before the…"
        },
        {
            "slug": "modulation-strategies",
            "title": "Modulation: How a Key Change Is Confirmed",
            "dek": "A modulation is not a chromatic chord; it is a new key confirmed by cadence. The routes into one, and how to read them off the page.",
            "topic": "harmony",
            "topic_name": "Harmony",
            "tags": [
                "modulation",
                "pivot chord",
                "key relationships"
            ],
            "level": "advanced",
            "date": "2026-09-25",
            "updated": null,
            "words": 1554,
            "reading_time_minutes": 8,
            "url": "https://musics.name/articles/modulation-strategies/",
            "markdown_url": "https://musics.name/articles/modulation-strategies.md",
            "json_url": "https://musics.name/api/article.json?slug=modulation-strategies",
            "excerpt": "A piece that ends in G major and began in C major has modulated. The change of key is not a single event on one beat but a process spread over several, and the process has a rule: a key exists when its tonic has been confirmed by a cadence. Everything else…",
            "score": 54,
            "partial": false,
            "snippet": "…n G major and began in C major has modulated. The change of key is not a single event on one beat but a process spread over several, and the process has a rule: a key exists when its tonic has been confirmed by a cadence…"
        },
        {
            "slug": "key-signatures-order-of-sharps-and-flats",
            "title": "Key Signatures and the Order of Sharps and Flats",
            "dek": "Sharps arrive in the order F C G D A E B and flats in reverse. The order is the circle of fifths written out, one signature at a time.",
            "topic": "fundamentals",
            "topic_name": "Fundamentals",
            "tags": [
                "key signatures",
                "notation",
                "circle of fifths"
            ],
            "level": "intro",
            "date": "2026-09-25",
            "updated": null,
            "words": 1522,
            "reading_time_minutes": 8,
            "url": "https://musics.name/articles/key-signatures-order-of-sharps-and-flats/",
            "markdown_url": "https://musics.name/articles/key-signatures-order-of-sharps-and-flats.md",
            "json_url": "https://musics.name/api/article.json?slug=key-signatures-order-of-sharps-and-flats",
            "excerpt": "The accidentals in a key signature never appear in an arbitrary order. Sharps are added one at a time as F, C, G, D, A, E, B. Flats are added as B, E, A, D, G, C, F. Both lists are the circle of fifths spelled out, and the reason they are constant is that…",
            "score": 49,
            "partial": false,
            "snippet": "The accidentals in a key signature never appear in an arbitrary order. Sharps are added one at a time as F, C, G, D, A, E, B. Flats are added as B, E, A, D, G, C, F. Both lists are the circle of fifths spelled out, and t…"
        },
        {
            "slug": "capo-and-transposition",
            "title": "Capo and Transposition: How a Capo Changes the Key",
            "dek": "A capo raises every open string by one semitone per fret, so a G shape played at fret 2 sounds in A. This shows how to find the sounding key and how to choose a capo position.",
            "topic": "guitar",
            "topic_name": "Guitar & Fretboard",
            "tags": [
                "capo",
                "transposition",
                "guitar"
            ],
            "level": "intro",
            "date": "2026-10-11",
            "updated": null,
            "words": 1377,
            "reading_time_minutes": 7,
            "url": "https://musics.name/articles/capo-and-transposition/",
            "markdown_url": "https://musics.name/articles/capo-and-transposition.md",
            "json_url": "https://musics.name/api/article.json?slug=capo-and-transposition",
            "excerpt": "A capo is a clamp across the neck that acts as a movable nut. Placed at fret n, it raises every string by n semitones, so the shape you finger sounds n semitones higher than its name. A G-shape chord with the capo at fret 2 sounds in A. To find the sounding…",
            "score": 48,
            "partial": false,
            "snippet": "A capo is a clamp across the neck that acts as a movable nut. Placed at fret n, it raises every string by n semitones, so the shape you finger sounds n semitones higher than its name. A G-shape chord…"
        },
        {
            "slug": "diatonic-chords-in-major-and-minor",
            "title": "Diatonic Chords in Major and Minor Keys Explained",
            "dek": "Diatonic chords are the triads built on each scale degree from the key's own notes. Here are their qualities in major and minor, worked out in C and A.",
            "topic": "harmony",
            "topic_name": "Harmony",
            "tags": [
                "diatonic harmony",
                "triads",
                "scale degrees"
            ],
            "level": "intro",
            "date": "2026-10-11",
            "updated": null,
            "words": 1432,
            "reading_time_minutes": 7,
            "url": "https://musics.name/articles/diatonic-chords-in-major-and-minor/",
            "markdown_url": "https://musics.name/articles/diatonic-chords-in-major-and-minor.md",
            "json_url": "https://musics.name/api/article.json?slug=diatonic-chords-in-major-and-minor",
            "excerpt": "The diatonic chords of a key are the triads built on each scale degree, using only the notes of that key’s scale. In C major they are C, Dm, Em, F, G, Am and B°. The natural minor scale gives a different set, Am, B°, C, Dm, Em, F and G, and the harmonic minor…",
            "score": 48,
            "partial": false,
            "snippet": "The diatonic chords of a key are the triads built on each scale degree, using only the notes of that key’s scale. In C major they are C, Dm, Em, F, G, Am and B°. The natural minor scale gives a different set, Am, B°, C,…"
        },
        {
            "slug": "rise-of-functional-tonality",
            "title": "The Rise of Functional Tonality: From Modes to Keys",
            "dek": "Around 1600 the bass became the foundation of harmony and the modal system narrowed to two keys. What changed in the documents, and what the change cost.",
            "topic": "history",
            "topic_name": "Music History",
            "tags": [
                "tonality",
                "basso continuo",
                "modes"
            ],
            "level": "intermediate",
            "date": "2026-09-25",
            "updated": null,
            "words": 1613,
            "reading_time_minutes": 8,
            "url": "https://musics.name/articles/rise-of-functional-tonality/",
            "markdown_url": "https://musics.name/articles/rise-of-functional-tonality.md",
            "json_url": "https://musics.name/api/article.json?slug=rise-of-functional-tonality",
            "excerpt": "A motet by Palestrina and a trio sonata by Corelli are separated by about a century, and the difference between them is not a matter of ornament. In the motet, harmony is what happens while four or five independent lines are doing something else. In the…",
            "score": 48,
            "partial": false,
            "snippet": "A motet by Palestrina and a trio sonata by Corelli are separated by about a century, and the difference between them is not a matter of ornament. In the motet, harmony is what happens while four or…"
        },
        {
            "slug": "major-scale-formula",
            "title": "The Major Scale Formula: Whole and Half Steps Explained",
            "dek": "The major scale is seven notes spaced whole, whole, half, whole, whole, whole, half. Here is the formula, four scales built from it, and the sharps and flats it forces.",
            "topic": "fundamentals",
            "topic_name": "Fundamentals",
            "tags": [
                "major scale",
                "scale",
                "intervals",
                "key signature"
            ],
            "level": "intro",
            "date": "2026-10-11",
            "updated": null,
            "words": 1384,
            "reading_time_minutes": 7,
            "url": "https://musics.name/articles/major-scale-formula/",
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            "excerpt": "The major scale is a fixed sequence of steps: whole, whole, half, whole, whole, whole, half. A whole step is two semitones and a half step is one. Start the pattern on any note and you have a major scale on that note. The pattern does not change, so the notes…",
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            "snippet": "The major scale is a fixed sequence of steps: whole, whole, half, whole, whole, whole, half. A whole step is two semitones and a half step is one. Start the pattern on any note and you have a major…"
        },
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            "slug": "common-chord-progressions",
            "title": "Common Chord Progressions: Loops, Numerals and Why They Work",
            "dek": "The chord loops that songwriters reuse most, in Roman numerals and in the keys of C and G, with the reasons they work and how to vary them.",
            "topic": "songwriting",
            "topic_name": "Songwriting & Composition",
            "tags": [
                "chord progression",
                "songwriting",
                "roman numerals"
            ],
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            "date": "2026-10-11",
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            "excerpt": "A common chord progression is a short loop of chords, usually four, that repeats under a melody. Many of the most reused loops share three features. Their roots move by fourths and fifths at least some of the time, neighbouring chords share notes, and the…",
            "score": 36,
            "partial": false,
            "snippet": "A common chord progression is a short loop of chords, usually four, that repeats under a melody. Many of the most reused loops share three features. Their roots move by fourths and fifths at least…"
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            "slug": "how-to-read-sheet-music",
            "title": "How to Read Sheet Music: Staves, Clefs and Note Names",
            "dek": "The staff, the treble and bass clefs, line and space names, ledger lines, and where the key and time signatures sit, with a table to learn from.",
            "topic": "fundamentals",
            "topic_name": "Fundamentals",
            "tags": [
                "sheet music",
                "staff",
                "clef",
                "notation"
            ],
            "level": "intro",
            "date": "2026-10-11",
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            "words": 1351,
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            "url": "https://musics.name/articles/how-to-read-sheet-music/",
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            "json_url": "https://musics.name/api/article.json?slug=how-to-read-sheet-music",
            "excerpt": "Sheet music is a grid of pitch against time. Pitch rises up the page from low to high, time runs from left to right, and the notes sit on a staff of five horizontal lines with four spaces between them. To name a note, find the clef at the start of the staff…",
            "score": 36,
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            "snippet": "Sheet music is a grid of pitch against time. Pitch rises up the page from low to high, time runs from left to right, and the notes sit on a staff of five horizontal lines with four spaces between…"
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            "slug": "how-to-transcribe-music-by-ear",
            "title": "How to Transcribe Music by Ear: A Step-by-Step Procedure",
            "dek": "Transcribe by ear in a fixed order: key and bass first, then chords by root and quality, then the melody by scale degree, and rhythm last.",
            "topic": "practice",
            "topic_name": "Ear Training & Practice",
            "tags": [
                "transcription",
                "ear training",
                "harmony"
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            "date": "2026-10-11",
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            "excerpt": "Transcribe in layers, in the order the harmony needs them: key, bass, chord roots, chord qualities, melody, and rhythm last. Check each layer on an instrument before you start the next. Write the chords as Roman numerals so the result transposes, and keep a…",
            "score": 36,
            "partial": false,
            "snippet": "Transcribe in layers, in the order the harmony needs them: key, bass, chord roots, chord qualities, melody, and rhythm last. Check each layer on an instrument before you start the next. Write the chords as Roman numerals…"
        },
        {
            "slug": "scale-degrees-and-solfege",
            "title": "Scale Degrees Explained: Numbers, Names and Solfège",
            "dek": "Scale degrees number each note of a scale from its tonic, and solfège names the same positions do, re, mi. Degree names, movable and fixed do, and why degrees travel between keys.",
            "topic": "fundamentals",
            "topic_name": "Fundamentals",
            "tags": [
                "scale degree",
                "solfege",
                "tonic",
                "ear training"
            ],
            "level": "intro",
            "date": "2026-10-11",
            "updated": null,
            "words": 1349,
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            "url": "https://musics.name/articles/scale-degrees-and-solfege/",
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            "json_url": "https://musics.name/api/article.json?slug=scale-degrees-and-solfege",
            "excerpt": "A scale degree is a note’s position counted up from the tonic. The tonic is degree 1, the note the key is named for, and the fifth note of the major scale is degree 5, the dominant, whatever key you are in. Solfège attaches syllables to those positions…",
            "score": 36,
            "partial": false,
            "snippet": "…nted up from the tonic. The tonic is degree 1, the note the key is named for, and the fifth note of the major scale is degree 5, the dominant, whatever key you are in. Solfège attaches syllables to those positions……"
        },
        {
            "slug": "ii-v-i-progression",
            "title": "The ii V I Progression in Major, Minor and Jazz Styles",
            "dek": "Why ii V I is the backbone of tonal music: voice leading, turnarounds, minor-key forms, and the jazz reharm toolkit.",
            "topic": "harmony",
            "topic_name": "Harmony",
            "tags": [
                "ii-V-I",
                "chord progression",
                "jazz harmony"
            ],
            "level": "intermediate",
            "date": "2026-10-04",
            "updated": null,
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            "url": "https://musics.name/articles/ii-v-i-progression/",
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            "json_url": "https://musics.name/api/article.json?slug=ii-v-i-progression",
            "excerpt": "One progression underlies more music than any other. The ii V I carries the full logic of tonal motion, predominant to dominant to tonic, in three chords, and it appears in Baroque arias, Mozart sonatas, wedding gigs, and bebop heads with equal comfort. #The…",
            "score": 36,
            "partial": false,
            "snippet": "One progression underlies more music than any other. The ii V I carries the full logic of tonal motion, predominant to dominant to tonic, in three chords, and it appears in Baroque arias, Mozart…"
        },
        {
            "slug": "neapolitan-sixth-chord",
            "title": "The Neapolitan Sixth Chord: Sound, Spelling, Resolution",
            "dek": "The flat-II chord that darkens minor keys: how the Neapolitan sixth is built, voiced, resolved, and used from Bach to Schubert.",
            "topic": "harmony",
            "topic_name": "Harmony",
            "tags": [
                "neapolitan",
                "chromatic harmony",
                "cadence"
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            "level": "advanced",
            "date": "2026-10-04",
            "updated": null,
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            "excerpt": "Few chords announce themselves as clearly as the Neapolitan sixth. One lowered note in the bass, a major triad glowing against a minor key, and the phrase turns toward a cadence of unusual gravity. It is the most audible chromatic predominant in the tonal…",
            "score": 36,
            "partial": false,
            "snippet": "…red note in the bass, a major triad glowing against a minor key, and the phrase turns toward a cadence of unusual gravity. It is the most audible chromatic predominant in the tonal……"
        },
        {
            "slug": "rondo-form",
            "title": "Rondo Form: How Refrains and Episodes Structure a Movement",
            "dek": "Rondo form alternates a returning refrain with contrasting episodes. Learn classical key plans, sonata-rondo hybrids, and why refrains return altered.",
            "topic": "form",
            "topic_name": "Form",
            "tags": [
                "rondo",
                "musical form",
                "classical style"
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            "level": "intermediate",
            "date": "2026-10-04",
            "updated": null,
            "words": 1840,
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            "url": "https://musics.name/articles/rondo-form/",
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            "excerpt": "Long finales can feel like one bright passage after another with no landmarks. Rondo form fixes that listening problem by returning to a familiar refrain between contrasting episodes, so the shape of the movement stays clear from start to finish. #How rondo…",
            "score": 36,
            "partial": false,
            "snippet": "Long finales can feel like one bright passage after another with no landmarks. Rondo form fixes that listening problem by returning to a familiar refrain between contrasting episodes, so the shape of…"
        },
        {
            "slug": "figured-bass",
            "title": "Figured Bass: Reading Intervals Above the Bass Line",
            "dek": "Figures name intervals above the bass, not chords. What each shorthand means, how accidentals override the key, and what the player decides.",
            "topic": "harmony",
            "topic_name": "Harmony",
            "tags": [
                "figured bass",
                "basso continuo",
                "inversion"
            ],
            "level": "intermediate",
            "date": "2026-09-25",
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            "excerpt": "A figured bass is a bass line with numerals underneath it, and the numerals are not chord symbols. Each one names an interval above the note it sits under, counted from that note. The player supplies the rest. Understanding what is written and what is…",
            "score": 36,
            "partial": false,
            "snippet": "A figured bass is a bass line with numerals underneath it, and the numerals are not chord symbols. Each one names an interval above the note it sits under, counted from that note. The player supplies…"
        },
        {
            "slug": "romantic-chromaticism",
            "title": "Romantic Chromaticism and the Expanding Tonic",
            "dek": "Chromatic harmony widened a key without leaving it: the resources that do the work, the Tristan chord, and how to analyse it without over-labelling.",
            "topic": "history",
            "topic_name": "Music History",
            "tags": [
                "chromaticism",
                "harmony",
                "nineteenth century"
            ],
            "level": "advanced",
            "date": "2026-09-25",
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            "excerpt": "Nineteenth-century harmony is usually described as chromatic, and the word hides the important part. A chromatic passage is not a passage that has left its key. It is a passage that has widened the key until it includes notes and chords the older vocabulary…",
            "score": 36,
            "partial": false,
            "snippet": "…art. A chromatic passage is not a passage that has left its key. It is a passage that has widened the key until it includes notes and chords the older vocabulary……"
        },
        {
            "slug": "sonata-form",
            "title": "Sonata Form: The Tonal Plot",
            "dek": "Sonata form is a tonal argument, not a set of labelled boxes. What matters is which key you are in, and how the music gets home again.",
            "topic": "form",
            "topic_name": "Form",
            "tags": [
                "sonata form",
                "form",
                "tonality"
            ],
            "level": "intermediate",
            "date": "2026-09-25",
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            "excerpt": "Ask someone to explain sonata form and you will get a diagram: exposition, development, recapitulation, with an optional introduction and coda, and a list of themes labelled first and second. The diagram is not wrong, but it describes the surface. What holds…",
            "score": 36,
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            "snippet": "Ask someone to explain sonata form and you will get a diagram: exposition, development, recapitulation, with an optional introduction and coda, and a list of themes labelled first and second. The…"
        },
        {
            "slug": "barre-chords-e-shape-a-shape",
            "title": "Barre Chords Explained: The E Shape and the A Shape",
            "dek": "A barre chord is an open chord moved up the neck. The E shape and the A shape are the two to learn first, and each one is built from its open chord by a simple rule of offsets.",
            "topic": "guitar",
            "topic_name": "Guitar & Fretboard",
            "tags": [
                "barre chord",
                "guitar chords",
                "moveable shapes"
            ],
            "level": "intro",
            "date": "2026-10-11",
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            "json_url": "https://musics.name/api/article.json?slug=barre-chords-e-shape-a-shape",
            "excerpt": "A barre chord is an open chord played higher on the neck, with one finger lying across several strings to take the place of the nut. The E shape and the A shape are the two to learn first, because each one is an open chord whose root sits on a known string…",
            "score": 31,
            "partial": false,
            "snippet": "A barre chord is an open chord played higher on the neck, with one finger lying across several strings to take the place of the nut. The E shape and the A shape are the two to learn first, because…"
        }
    ],
    "ranking": "Direct answers first (chord symbols, scale and key names are parsed). Then tools, keys, scales, chords, intervals, glossary and topics by title match; articles rank by title (12) > tags (6) > dek (5) > topic (3) > body frequency (max 6), +25 when every query token matches.",
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}