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                    "description": "The six strings of a guitar in standard tuning sound E2, A2, D3, G3, B3 and E4, from low to high. Every fret raises the pitch by one semitone, so the note at any position is the open string’s name…",
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                    "description": "A staff puts a note in pitch space, and position is cheap to draw. Duration is not a position but a relationship: a note is short only next to a longer one, and a page of polyphony has to state that…",
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                    "title": "Pythagorean Tuning: How Stacked Pure Fifths Build a Scale",
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                    "title": "Reading an Orchestral Score: Layout and a Method for First Reads",
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                    "title": "Just Intonation, Beating and Why Intervals Sound in Tune",
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                    "title": "After Tonality: What Composers Replaced It With",
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                    "title": "Roman Numeral Analysis: How to Label a Chord Progression",
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                    "title": "What Are Cents? The Unit That Measures Small Pitch Differences",
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            "excerpt": "The six strings of a guitar in standard tuning sound E2, A2, D3, G3, B3 and E4, from low to high. Every fret raises the pitch by one semitone, so the note at any position is the open string’s name counted up that many steps through the chromatic sequence: C…",
            "score": 30,
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            "dek": "A barre chord is an open chord moved up the neck. The E shape and the A shape are the two to learn first, and each one is built from its open chord by a simple rule of offsets.",
            "topic": "guitar",
            "topic_name": "Guitar & Fretboard",
            "tags": [
                "barre chord",
                "guitar chords",
                "moveable shapes"
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            "date": "2026-10-11",
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            "excerpt": "A barre chord is an open chord played higher on the neck, with one finger lying across several strings to take the place of the nut. The E shape and the A shape are the two to learn first, because each one is an open chord whose root sits on a known string…",
            "score": 29,
            "partial": false,
            "snippet": "A barre chord is an open chord played higher on the neck, with one finger lying across several strings to take the place of the nut. The E shape and the A shape are the two to learn first, because…"
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            "slug": "reading-guitar-tabs-and-chord-diagrams",
            "title": "Reading Guitar Tabs and Chord Diagrams for Beginners",
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            "topic": "guitar",
            "topic_name": "Guitar & Fretboard",
            "tags": [
                "guitar tablature",
                "chord diagrams",
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            "excerpt": "Guitar tablature is a set of six horizontal lines, one for each string, with a fret number written on the line where a note is played. The top line is the high E string and the bottom line is the low E string. A chord diagram is a small vertical grid in which…",
            "score": 28,
            "partial": false,
            "snippet": "Guitar tablature is a set of six horizontal lines, one for each string, with a fret number written on the line where a note is played. The top line is the high E string and the bottom line is the low…"
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            "title": "Odd Meters in 5/4 and 7/8: Counting, Feeling, Writing",
            "dek": "Hear 5/4 and 7/8 as beat groups, not math: counting systems, conducting, repertoire from Brubeck to Balkan dance.",
            "topic": "rhythm",
            "topic_name": "Rhythm & Meter",
            "tags": [
                "odd meter",
                "time signatures",
                "counting"
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            "date": "2026-10-04",
            "updated": "2026-10-11",
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            "json_url": "https://musics.name/api/article.json?slug=odd-meters-five-and-seven",
            "excerpt": "Five and seven feel impossible until they feel obvious. Odd meters are not broken fours with beats missing; they are their own groove systems built from unequal beat groups, and once the groups sit in the body the counting takes care of itself. #Five as 3+2…",
            "score": 8,
            "partial": true,
            "snippet": "…broken fours with beats missing; they are their own groove systems built from unequal beat groups, and once the groups sit in the body the counting takes care of itself. #Five as 3+2……"
        },
        {
            "slug": "rise-of-functional-tonality",
            "title": "The Rise of Functional Tonality: From Modes to Keys",
            "dek": "Around 1600 the bass became the foundation of harmony and the modal system narrowed to two keys. What changed in the documents, and what the change cost.",
            "topic": "history",
            "topic_name": "Music History",
            "tags": [
                "tonality",
                "basso continuo",
                "modes"
            ],
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            "date": "2026-09-25",
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            "excerpt": "A motet by Palestrina and a trio sonata by Corelli are separated by about a century, and the difference between them is not a matter of ornament. In the motet, harmony is what happens while four or five independent lines are doing something else. In the…",
            "score": 7,
            "partial": true,
            "snippet": "A motet by Palestrina and a trio sonata by Corelli are separated by about a century, and the difference between them is not a matter of ornament. In the motet, harmony is what happens while four or…"
        },
        {
            "slug": "natural-harmonic-melodic-minor",
            "title": "Natural, Harmonic and Melodic Minor Scales Compared",
            "dek": "Three minor scales, three different jobs. What each form changes, why composers switch between them, and how to hear the difference.",
            "topic": "fundamentals",
            "topic_name": "Fundamentals",
            "tags": [
                "minor scales",
                "melody",
                "tonality"
            ],
            "level": "intro",
            "date": "2026-10-04",
            "updated": null,
            "words": 1239,
            "reading_time_minutes": 6,
            "url": "https://musics.name/articles/natural-harmonic-melodic-minor/",
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            "json_url": "https://musics.name/api/article.json?slug=natural-harmonic-melodic-minor",
            "excerpt": "Major has one scale and minor has three, which strikes beginners as unfair. The minor mode is better understood as a single flexible system where the sixth and seventh degrees move up or down depending on what the music needs. The three named forms are…",
            "score": 6,
            "partial": true,
            "snippet": "…r. The minor mode is better understood as a single flexible system where the sixth and seventh degrees move up or down depending on what the music needs. The three named forms are……"
        },
        {
            "slug": "ars-nova-and-renaissance-notation",
            "title": "From Ars Nova to the Renaissance: How Notation Changed Music",
            "dek": "Rhythm took two centuries longer than pitch to notate. Mensural notation solved it with ratios, and the Renaissance then replaced black ink with white.",
            "topic": "history",
            "topic_name": "Music History",
            "tags": [
                "notation",
                "mensural notation",
                "renaissance"
            ],
            "level": "intermediate",
            "date": "2026-09-25",
            "updated": null,
            "words": 1499,
            "reading_time_minutes": 7,
            "url": "https://musics.name/articles/ars-nova-and-renaissance-notation/",
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            "excerpt": "A staff puts a note in pitch space, and position is cheap to draw. Duration is not a position but a relationship: a note is short only next to a longer one, and a page of polyphony has to state that relationship for every voice at once. European music had a…",
            "score": 6,
            "partial": true,
            "snippet": "A staff puts a note in pitch space, and position is cheap to draw. Duration is not a position but a relationship: a note is short only next to a longer one, and a page of polyphony has to state that…"
        },
        {
            "slug": "pythagorean-tuning",
            "title": "Pythagorean Tuning: How Stacked Pure Fifths Build a Scale",
            "dek": "Pythagorean tuning builds every interval from pure 3:2 fifths. Here is the seven-note scale it produces, its whole tones and semitones in cents, and the wolf fifth it leaves behind.",
            "topic": "tuning",
            "topic_name": "Tuning & Temperament",
            "tags": [
                "pythagorean tuning",
                "just fifths",
                "temperament"
            ],
            "level": "intermediate",
            "date": "2026-10-11",
            "updated": "2026-10-11",
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            "url": "https://musics.name/articles/pythagorean-tuning/",
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            "excerpt": "Pythagorean tuning builds a scale from one interval: the pure perfect fifth, with the frequency ratio 3:2. Stack fifths, fold each note back into a single octave, and every pitch becomes a ratio made only from the numbers 2 and 3. The whole tone is 9:8, or…",
            "score": 5,
            "partial": true,
            "snippet": "Pythagorean tuning builds a scale from one interval: the pure perfect fifth, with the frequency ratio 3:2. Stack fifths, fold each note back into a single octave, and every pitch becomes a ratio made…"
        },
        {
            "slug": "scale-degrees-and-solfege",
            "title": "Scale Degrees Explained: Numbers, Names and Solfège",
            "dek": "Scale degrees number each note of a scale from its tonic, and solfège names the same positions do, re, mi. Degree names, movable and fixed do, and why degrees travel between keys.",
            "topic": "fundamentals",
            "topic_name": "Fundamentals",
            "tags": [
                "scale degree",
                "solfege",
                "tonic",
                "ear training"
            ],
            "level": "intro",
            "date": "2026-10-11",
            "updated": null,
            "words": 1349,
            "reading_time_minutes": 7,
            "url": "https://musics.name/articles/scale-degrees-and-solfege/",
            "markdown_url": "https://musics.name/articles/scale-degrees-and-solfege.md",
            "json_url": "https://musics.name/api/article.json?slug=scale-degrees-and-solfege",
            "excerpt": "A scale degree is a note’s position counted up from the tonic. The tonic is degree 1, the note the key is named for, and the fifth note of the major scale is degree 5, the dominant, whatever key you are in. Solfège attaches syllables to those positions…",
            "score": 5,
            "partial": true,
            "snippet": "A scale degree is a note’s position counted up from the tonic. The tonic is degree 1, the note the key is named for, and the fifth note of the major scale is degree 5, the dominant, whatever key you…"
        },
        {
            "slug": "reading-an-orchestral-score",
            "title": "Reading an Orchestral Score: Layout and a Method for First Reads",
            "dek": "An orchestral score stacks every part on one page. This covers the standard order of the families, the brackets and clefs, and a first-read method.",
            "topic": "orchestration",
            "topic_name": "Orchestration",
            "tags": [
                "score reading",
                "orchestration",
                "transposition"
            ],
            "level": "intermediate",
            "date": "2026-10-11",
            "updated": null,
            "words": 1398,
            "reading_time_minutes": 7,
            "url": "https://musics.name/articles/reading-an-orchestral-score/",
            "markdown_url": "https://musics.name/articles/reading-an-orchestral-score.md",
            "json_url": "https://musics.name/api/article.json?slug=reading-an-orchestral-score",
            "excerpt": "An orchestral score prints every instrument on its own staff, grouped by family and stacked in a fixed order from the top: woodwinds, brass, percussion, harp and keyboards, then strings. Brackets and braces show what plays together, and barlines run through…",
            "score": 4,
            "partial": true,
            "snippet": "An orchestral score prints every instrument on its own staff, grouped by family and stacked in a fixed order from the top: woodwinds, brass, percussion, harp and keyboards, then strings. Brackets and…"
        },
        {
            "slug": "just-intonation",
            "title": "Just Intonation, Beating and Why Intervals Sound in Tune",
            "dek": "Pure intervals come from small whole-number ratios, and beating is what stops them sounding pure. What just intonation gives, and what it cannot fix.",
            "topic": "tuning",
            "topic_name": "Tuning & Temperament",
            "tags": [
                "just intonation",
                "intervals",
                "acoustics"
            ],
            "level": "advanced",
            "date": "2026-09-25",
            "updated": "2026-10-11",
            "words": 1669,
            "reading_time_minutes": 8,
            "url": "https://musics.name/articles/just-intonation/",
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            "excerpt": "“In tune” sounds like a matter of taste and is mostly a physical event. When two tones sound together and their frequencies stand in a simple whole-number ratio, their overtones land on top of one another and the combined sound holds still. When the ratio is…",
            "score": 4,
            "partial": true,
            "snippet": "“In tune” sounds like a matter of taste and is mostly a physical event. When two tones sound together and their frequencies stand in a simple whole-number ratio, their overtones land on top of one…"
        },
        {
            "slug": "music-after-tonality",
            "title": "After Tonality: What Composers Replaced It With",
            "dek": "When chromatic harmony outgrew the tonal hierarchy, composers tried serial rules, rhythm, folk modes, and sound mass. What each method actually solved.",
            "topic": "history",
            "topic_name": "Music History",
            "tags": [
                "atonality",
                "serialism",
                "modernism"
            ],
            "level": "advanced",
            "date": "2026-09-25",
            "updated": null,
            "words": 1482,
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            "url": "https://musics.name/articles/music-after-tonality/",
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            "excerpt": "The tonal system was not abandoned because composers got bored of it. It was abandoned, in a handful of works written between roughly 1908 and 1923, because the chromatic language that had been built on top of it could no longer be explained by it. What…",
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            "snippet": "The tonal system was not abandoned because composers got bored of it. It was abandoned, in a handful of works written between roughly 1908 and 1923, because the chromatic language that had been built on top of it could n…"
        },
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            "slug": "roman-numeral-analysis",
            "title": "Roman Numeral Analysis: How to Label a Chord Progression",
            "dek": "Roman numerals label each chord by the scale degree of its root and its quality. Here is a step-by-step method, with I vi IV V worked in C and G.",
            "topic": "harmony",
            "topic_name": "Harmony",
            "tags": [
                "roman numerals",
                "harmonic analysis",
                "chord progressions"
            ],
            "level": "intro",
            "date": "2026-10-11",
            "updated": null,
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            "url": "https://musics.name/articles/roman-numeral-analysis/",
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            "json_url": "https://musics.name/api/article.json?slug=roman-numeral-analysis",
            "excerpt": "Roman numeral analysis labels each chord by the scale degree of its root, and the case of the numeral shows whether the chord is major or minor. In C major, the progression C, Am, F, G is I, vi, IV, V. The numerals describe how each chord relates to the key…",
            "score": 3,
            "partial": true,
            "snippet": "Roman numeral analysis labels each chord by the scale degree of its root, and the case of the numeral shows whether the chord is major or minor. In C major, the progression C, Am, F, G is I, vi, IV…"
        },
        {
            "slug": "what-are-cents",
            "title": "What Are Cents? The Unit That Measures Small Pitch Differences",
            "dek": "A cent is one hundredth of an equal-tempered semitone. Here is the formula, what the common intervals measure in cents, and what a tuner is showing you.",
            "topic": "tuning",
            "topic_name": "Tuning & Temperament",
            "tags": [
                "cents",
                "tuning",
                "pitch measurement"
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            "level": "intro",
            "date": "2026-10-11",
            "updated": "2026-10-11",
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            "url": "https://musics.name/articles/what-are-cents/",
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            "excerpt": "A cent is one hundredth of an equal-tempered semitone, so an octave contains 1200 cents and a semitone contains 100. The unit is logarithmic: the number of cents between two pitches depends only on their frequency ratio, not on how many hertz separate them…",
            "score": 3,
            "partial": true,
            "snippet": "A cent is one hundredth of an equal-tempered semitone, so an octave contains 1200 cents and a semitone contains 100. The unit is logarithmic: the number of cents between two pitches depends only on…"
        },
        {
            "slug": "equal-temperament",
            "title": "Equal Temperament: What It Costs and What It Buys",
            "dek": "Twelve equal semitones solve the problem pure intervals create. The cost is small in fifths, large in thirds, and paid by every fixed-pitch instrument.",
            "topic": "tuning",
            "topic_name": "Tuning & Temperament",
            "tags": [
                "tuning",
                "temperament",
                "intervals"
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            "excerpt": "A piano cannot retune between two chords, so its tuning has to work for every key in advance. Equal temperament is the arrangement that does that, and it earns the ability by making every fifth slightly narrow and every major third noticeably wide. The…",
            "score": 3,
            "partial": true,
            "snippet": "A piano cannot retune between two chords, so its tuning has to work for every key in advance. Equal temperament is the arrangement that does that, and it earns the ability by making every fifth…"
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        {
            "slug": "scientific-pitch-notation",
            "title": "Scientific Pitch Notation: What C4 Actually Means",
            "dek": "Middle C is C4 in scientific pitch notation, C3 on some manufacturers' labelling, and MIDI note 60 in every sequencer. The numbering is a convention.",
            "topic": "fundamentals",
            "topic_name": "Fundamentals",
            "tags": [
                "pitch",
                "notation",
                "midi"
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            "level": "intro",
            "date": "2026-09-25",
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            "excerpt": "Scientific pitch notation writes a letter, an optional accidental and an octave number: C4, B♭3, F♯5. The letter and the accidental are uncontroversial. The number is where documentation, instrument charts and software quietly disagree, and a single octave of…",
            "score": 3,
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            "snippet": "Scientific pitch notation writes a letter, an optional accidental and an octave number: C4, B♭3, F♯5. The letter and the accidental are uncontroversial. The number is where documentation, instrument…"
        },
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            "slug": "the-harmonic-series",
            "title": "The Harmonic Series: Why Octaves, Fifths and Thirds Come First",
            "dek": "A vibrating string or air column sounds a fundamental and a set of partials at whole-number multiples of it. Here are the first sixteen, their cents, and where they differ from equal temperament.",
            "topic": "acoustics",
            "topic_name": "Acoustics & Sound",
            "tags": [
                "harmonic series",
                "partials",
                "acoustics"
            ],
            "level": "intro",
            "date": "2026-10-11",
            "updated": "2026-10-11",
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            "excerpt": "A string or air column that sounds a note produces a fundamental, and it also vibrates in parts. Those parts sound partials at whole-number multiples of the fundamental frequency: f, 2f, 3f, 4f and so on. The collection is the harmonic series. Its first…",
            "score": 2,
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            "snippet": "A string or air column that sounds a note produces a fundamental, and it also vibrates in parts. Those parts sound partials at whole-number multiples of the fundamental frequency: f, 2f, 3f, 4f and…"
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        {
            "slug": "transposing-instruments-explained",
            "title": "Transposing Instruments Explained: Written and Sounding Pitch",
            "dek": "A transposing instrument sounds a different pitch from the one on the page. The intervals for common instruments, and how to transpose a part.",
            "topic": "orchestration",
            "topic_name": "Orchestration",
            "tags": [
                "transposition",
                "orchestration",
                "written pitch"
            ],
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            "date": "2026-10-11",
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            "excerpt": "A transposing instrument sounds a different pitch from the one it reads. A B♭ clarinet playing a written C sounds B♭, a major second lower. The instrument’s name is the whole rule: it states the sounding pitch of written C, and every other transposition…",
            "score": 2,
            "partial": true,
            "snippet": "A transposing instrument sounds a different pitch from the one it reads. A B♭ clarinet playing a written C sounds B♭, a major second lower. The instrument’s name is the whole rule: it states the…"
        },
        {
            "slug": "church-modes-dorian-to-locrian",
            "title": "Church Modes From Dorian to Locrian: A Practical Guide",
            "dek": "Dorian, Phrygian, Lydian, Mixolydian, Aeolian and Locrian explained by pattern and color, with hearing tips and modern uses.",
            "topic": "fundamentals",
            "topic_name": "Fundamentals",
            "tags": [
                "modes",
                "scales",
                "melody"
            ],
            "level": "intermediate",
            "date": "2026-10-04",
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            "url": "https://musics.name/articles/church-modes-dorian-to-locrian/",
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            "json_url": "https://musics.name/api/article.json?slug=church-modes-dorian-to-locrian",
            "excerpt": "Major and minor feel like the only options until a melody settles somewhere stranger. The church modes name those other settlements: six diatonic rotations, each with its own final, its own color notes, and its own repertoire from chant to jazz. #The seven…",
            "score": 2,
            "partial": true,
            "snippet": "Major and minor feel like the only options until a melody settles somewhere stranger. The church modes name those other settlements: six diatonic rotations, each with its own final, its own color…"
        }
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    "ranking": "Direct answers first (chord symbols, scale and key names are parsed). Then tools, keys, scales, chords, intervals, glossary and topics by title match; articles rank by title (12) > tags (6) > dek (5) > topic (3) > body frequency (max 6), +25 when every query token matches.",
    "html": "https://musics.name/search/?q=CAGED%20system",
    "generated_at": "2026-10-13T22:00:48+00:00"
}